What is low vision?

11 September 2025

Low vision is a significant decrease in visual ability that cannot be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines it as visual acuity less than 20/70 in the better eye with correction, or a considerable reduction in the visual field (peripheral vision), which affects the patient's autonomy.

It does not imply total blindness, as the person retains a certain degree of useful vision that can be utilized with the aid of optical and non-optical devices and vision rehabilitation programs.

Most common causes

Low vision can occur at any age, although it is more common in older adults. The main causes include:

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
• Advanced glaucoma
• Diabetic retinopathy
• Retinitis pigmentosa
• Untreated dense cataracts
• Eye injuries or trauma

Impact on daily life

People with low vision often have difficulty with:

• Reading and writing
• Recognizing faces
• Watching television
• Orienting and moving around in new spaces
• Performing activities

This can affect independence, self-esteem, and quality of life if proper guidance is not provided.

Vision rehabilitation

The good news is that low vision doesn't mean the end of independence. Through vision rehabilitation and the use of specific aids, patients can maintain an active life. Some tools include magnifying glasses, optical telescopes, and special lenses with filters.