
What is neurogenic ptosis?
06 June 2024
Ptosis, commonly known as "droopy eyelid," is a medical condition in which one or both upper eyelids droop more than normal, covering part of the eye and affecting vision. There are different types of ptosis depending on the underlying cause, and one of the most specific and least common is neurogenic ptosis. In this blog we will explain in detail what it is, its causes, symptoms and treatment.
Neurogenic ptosis occurs due to problems in the nerves that control the eyelid muscles. Specifically, it is due to a dysfunction in the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III), which is responsible for innervating the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. When this nerve does not function properly, the muscle cannot lift the eyelid properly, resulting in a drooping eyelid.
Causes of neurogenic ptosis
The causes of neurogenic ptosis can be diverse, and are often related to neurological conditions or injuries. Some of the most common causes include:
- Diabetic neuropathy: Nerve damage due to diabetes can affect the oculomotor nerve.
- Intracranial aneurysms: The pressure exerted by an aneurysm on the oculomotor nerve can cause ptosis.
- Head trauma: Head injuries can damage the nerves responsible for eyelid movement.
- Myasthenia gravis: an autoimmune disorder that affects communication between nerves and muscles, including those of the eyelid.
- Brain tumors: Tumors that compress the oculomotor nerve can lead to ptosis.
- Cerebrovascular accident (CVA): A stroke that affects the area of the brain where the oculomotor nerve originates can cause ptosis.
Symptoms of neurogenic ptosis
The most obvious symptom of neurogenic ptosis is a drooping eyelid. However, depending on the underlying cause, other associated symptoms may occur:
- Blurred or double vision: This can occur if ptosis affects the alignment of the eyes.
- Headache: in cases where the cause is an aneurysm or tumor.
- Muscle weakness: especially in cases of myasthenia gravis.
- Difficulty moving the eye: If the oculomotor nerve is completely compromised, there may be limitations in eye movements.
Treatment
Treatment of neurogenic ptosis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. It is important to see an ophthalmologist with any symptoms to obtain an accurate evaluation and an appropriate treatment plan. Request your appointment here.