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Vision loss due to Stargardt disease

Vision loss due to Stargardt disease

19 December 2024

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Vision loss is a phenomenon that can be linked to a number of eye conditions and diseases, notably Stargardt disease, one of the most common forms of macular degeneration in young people. This inherited disorder primarily affects the retina, the light-sensitive layer of cells at the back of the eye responsible for central vision and color perception. The complexity of this disease lies in its genetic nature and how it can progress silently, making it an enigma for many who suffer from it.

Stargardt disease usually manifests in childhood or adolescence, although the age of onset can vary. Symptoms include decreased visual acuity, the appearance of spots in vision, and difficulty seeing in low-light conditions. Loss of central vision can severely affect an individual's ability to perform everyday activities, such as reading, driving, or recognizing faces, impacting not only their quality of life but also their emotional well-being.

The origin of this disease lies in mutations in the ABCA4 gene, which plays a crucial role in transporting substances within the retinal cells. These mutations prevent the proper functioning of the photoreceptor cells, leading to the accumulation of toxic waste that damages retinal tissues. Although research into gene therapy and experimental treatments is ongoing, there is currently no definitive cure for this disease. This highlights the need for greater awareness and understanding of genetic disorders related to vision and the importance of early detection and regular medical follow-up.

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