The importance of early detection of age-related macular degeneration

09 March 2023

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye disease that primarily affects people over the age of 50 and can cause significant loss of central vision. It occurs when the macula, the part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision, deteriorates over time. AMD is classified into two types: dry AMD and wet AMD. Dry AMD is the more common and progressive form, while wet AMD is rarer but more severe.

Dry AMD can lead to a gradual loss of central vision and a decrease in quality of life. Although there is no cure for dry AMD, lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise can help prevent its progression. Wet AMD, on the other hand, can cause rapid and significant loss of central vision and requires immediate treatment.

It is important for people over the age of 50 to have regular eye exams to detect AMD at an early stage. Symptoms of AMD may include blurred or distorted spots in central vision, a decrease in clarity of vision, and the need for additional light to read.

Regular eye examinations may include visual acuity tests, retinal and macular examination, and screening tests for AMD. The ophthalmologist may also recommend additional tests, such as fluorescein angiography or optical coherence tomography (OCT), to confirm the diagnosis of AMD.

If AMD is diagnosed, the ophthalmologist may recommend treatment to prevent its progression. Treatments for wet AMD may include intraocular injections to reduce inflammation and stop abnormal blood vessel growth in the retina. Treatments for dry AMD may include vitamin supplements, dietary changes and vision therapy.

In conclusion, early detection of AMD is key to preventing its progression and reducing the risk of central vision loss. It is important for people over the age of 50 to have regular eye exams and report any changes in vision to their ophthalmologist immediately. In addition, a healthy lifestyle can help prevent AMD and protect long-term eye health.