Pollution and its risks in vision

20 January 2022

Air pollution is often associated with respiratory illnesses, but the eyes can also be affected, as the ocular surface is often exposed, making it vulnerable to airborne contaminants.

The main sources of air pollution come from traffic, heating, air conditioning, factory emissions, or the dry weather found in large cities. We can also mention the smoke and particles from the fires, especially for those who live near the affected areas and the personnel of the fire and rescue teams, who can suffer serious illnesses.

According to the World Health Organization, 9 out of 10 people are currently exposed to higher than recommended levels of contamination.

How does it affect our eyes?

• Dry Eye. Air pollution alters the tear film that nourishes and protects the eye, thus reducing the quality and stability of the tear.
• Keratitis. Pollutants that cause infections can be found in the air.
• Conjunctivitis. Polluted air can cause inflammation of the conjunctiva and the inside of the eyelids, which can cause tearing and redness.
• Intolerance to contact lenses. Hygiene is essential for the correct use of contact lenses.
• Exposure to contaminants can make lenses difficult to wear safely.

Recommendations

• Wear sunglasses with adequate sun protection.
• Use eye drops –prescribed by your ophthalmologist– to keep your eyes properly hydrated.
• Proper hygiene in the use of contact lenses.
• Reduce direct exposure to heating equipment, fans, and air conditioners.
• Do not stay for a long time in smoky environments.