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Redness of the eyes

Redness of the eyes

07 October 2022

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Having red eyes can be worrisome, or even frightening, especially when you don't know why it is happening. The redness is due to swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels on the surface of the eye. Most red eye complaints are not cause for concern, but there are cases that are of greater importance.

The most common causes of red eyes are allergies, dry eyes, excessive contact lens wear and conjunctivitis.

Allergies. Allergy eye symptoms are due to inflammation of the ocular surface when the immune system overreacts to allergens such as pollen, pet dander, grass or weeds. It usually affects both eyes and causes redness, tearing and itching.

Dry eyes occur when the eyes do not produce enough tears to moisten them, or the tears evaporate too quickly. Several factors can reduce the amount of tears produced, including certain medications (such as antihistamines), age, hormonal changes, and diseases that cause dry eyes (such as rheumatoid arthritis). Tears evaporate quickly when the eyes are concentrated for long periods of time, such as when reading or on long trips.

Wearing contact lenses can limit the amount of oxygen reaching the eye. It occurs mostly if extended wear contact lenses are used or if any type of contact lenses are worn for longer than recommended.

Conjunctivitis refers to inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by a viral infection. The conjunctiva is a thin, clear membrane that covers the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid. In addition to redness, conjunctivitis can cause:

  • burning sensation in the eyes;
  • a sensation that something is in the eye (called "foreign body sensation")
  • clear discharge;
  • crusting and swelling of the eye.

When red eyes appear, see an ophthalmologist to prevent and rule out major problems. Make your appointment online.

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