How does hypertension affect your vision?

29 August 2024

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic condition that can have adverse effects on various parts of the body, including vision. Although it is common to think of hypertension as a problem that primarily affects the heart and arteries, its impact can extend to the eyes, putting eye health at risk.

Effects of hypertension on the eyes
Hypertension can damage the blood vessels in the retina, the layer of tissue at the back of the eye that is sensitive to light and essential for vision. This damage is known as hypertensive retinopathy and can lead to various visual problems, if not treated properly.

1. Hypertensive retinopathy

It is a condition in which the blood vessels in the retina are damaged due to high blood pressure. Initially, this damage may not present any visible symptoms, but over time it can lead to blurred vision, bleeding in the eye, and in severe cases, complete loss of vision. The severity of hypertensive retinopathy is directly related to the level and duration of hypertension.

2. Retinal Vein Occlusion

Hypertension can also increase the risk of retinal vein occlusion, which occurs when a vein in the retina becomes blocked. This blockage prevents blood from flowing properly, which can lead to swelling, bleeding, and vision loss. This condition is an ophthalmologic emergency that requires immediate attention.

3. Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

Another complication related to hypertension is ischemic optic neuropathy, which occurs when high blood pressure interferes with the blood supply to the optic nerve. This can result in sudden and severe vision loss in one or both eyes.

To protect your vision and prevent serious problems, it is crucial that you keep your blood pressure under control through proper treatment and healthy lifestyle habits. In addition, regular eye exams are essential to detect any alterations in the early stages and receive the necessary treatment. If you have hypertension or have noticed changes in your vision, do not hesitate to schedule an appointment with an ophthalmologist. A comprehensive eye exam can help you identify problems early and ensure optimal eye health. Request your appointment by clicking here.